话题五　饮食与健康(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2020·南昌一模] Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn't long for a favorite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East — the ancient custom of tonic food.
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one's well­being or avoid sickness. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil hotpot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the  muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach(菠菜), are seen as “hot”， while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes(小萝卜), are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual's health.
The custom of employing tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wolfberry(枸杞子), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff, in need of a modest pick­me­up.
So, whether you need to boost your strength with a large helping of chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with a serving of pig brain soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic you were looking for.
1．What is the present situation of tonic food?
A．It is catching less attention.
B．It is enjoyed by many young people.
C．It is well known worldwide.
D．It is becoming increasingly popular.
2．What is believed to benefit new mothers?
A．Chinese cabbage.             B．Fruit tea.
C．Sesame oil hotpot.          D．Pig brain soup.
3．Which of the following best explains “catering” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A．Medicine.            B．Restaurant.
C．Education.                D．Fashion.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Charm of Chinese Cuisine
B．The Popularity of Tonic Food
C．An Introduction to Chinese Tonic Food
D．Differences Between Hot Food and Cold Food
B
[2020·安徽重点中学盟校模拟]One of the easiest ways to stop the spread of disease is to simply wash your hands. Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can reduce illnesses and save lives. But, many people, especially children, do not have good handwashing habits. One problem is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough. Children may think that it is a tiresome thing to do.
      To help handle this problem, two businesswomen from India created a product to turn handwashing into a fun activity. Amanat Anand and Shubham Issar created a tool called SoaPen, aimed at teaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly.
     “It's such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people aren't doing it, and it's resulting in actual deaths — which is shocking. So, we decided to come up with a fun method，” said Issar.
     As the name suggests, SoaPen is a pen made out of soap. The children draw on their hands with the soap pen and then wash the drawing off. If they don't spend enough time washing it off, the colors remain on the children's hands. Issar said it makes sure that children take enough time to wash their hands. This may be especially helpful in a classroom. Often a teacher does not have the time to make each child wash his hands properly.
       Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because they're drawing on their hands. To obliterate the drawing, they actually wash their hands instead of just going under water and, you know, a one­second wash and off.
    Good news is that the school children in Mumbai, India, will soon most likely wash their hands after handling a pet. Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created everywhere will help promote good habits through handwashing in the cities across the globe.
5．Why does SoaPen come into existence?
A．To cure kids of some kinds of diseases.
B．To teach kids the importance of soap.
C．To help kids wash their hands correctly.
D．To make money from children consumers.
6．Which of the following does Issar agree with?
A．Handwashing is anything but little.
B．SoaPen is designed for classrooms.
C．Some teachers ignore kids' health in school.
D．Kids don't know the right way of handwashing.
7．What does “obliterate” underlined in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Show.     B．Reserve.
C．Learn.      D．Remove.
8．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．SoaPen has become popular worldwide.
B．The inventors think SoaPen has a bright future.
C．SoaPen has been applied in Mumbai schools.
D．Kids' health should be paid more attention to.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Last week 26­year­old Zion took a seat and put his food on a table at a McDonald's. He was intending to __1__ breakfast by himself when 70­year­old Jan, who is living alone, __2__ Zion. Then she asked in a weak voice __3__ she could share the table with him. Zion said “yes” __4__.
Zion introduced himself and shook the little lady's __5__ hand. They had a meal together and spent the next 45 minutes enjoying each other's __6__ and sharing stories about their lives. Like they were friends, they talked and __7__ together. When their time together came to an end, they exchanged numbers with the intention of having a __8__ again soon.
Zion is glad that his __9__ conversation with Jan could inspire so many people, but he says that he is mostly just happy to have a new __10__. He says that he is very __11__ to set up another breakfast date. “I'll __12__ trying.” said Zion. “I know if we had forever she would have a __13__ for me for every day.”
Every stranger has the __14__ to foster a new friendship. Their __15__ story has been posted on social media and it melts our hearts. Now they are internet famous.
1．A.prepare  B．order
C．eat  D．finish
2．A.invited  B．approached
C．recognized  D．greeted
3．A.that  B．when
C．how  D．if
4．A.enthusiastically  B．casually
C．nervously  D．anxiously
5．A.delicate  B．strong
C．wrinkled  D．skilled
6．A.success  B．peace
C．freedom  D．company
7．A.laughed  B．played
C．cheered  D．teased
8．A.visit  B．breakfast
C．share  D．call
9．A.brief  B．sweet
C．private  D．serious
10．A.friend  B．start
C．target  D．opportunity
11．A.upset  B．frightened
C．proud  D．excited
12．A.start  B．keep
C．advocate  D．consider
13．A.gift  B．food
C．story  D．sponsor
14．A.potential  B．intention
C．fortune  D．confidence
15．A.strange  B．familiar
C．amusing  D．touching

话题五　饮食与健康(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　题材：饮食文化　主题：中国滋补食物
【文章大意】　该文主要介绍了中国滋补食物的相关内容。
    【难句分析】　However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual's health.
    分析：本句是一个复合句。第一个how引导主语从句；第二个how引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。
    译文：然而，一个人应该吃多少“热性”或“凉性”的食物因一年中的时间、食物的烹饪方式、食物的搭配以及个人的健康状况而异。
1．答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East—the ancient custom of tonic food”可知，目前滋补食物不再受到追捧。故选A。
2．答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil hotpot every day for the first month after giving birth”可知，人们认为麻油焖罐对新妈妈有益。
3．答案与解析：B　考查词义猜测。根据第三段第二句“Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wolfberry(枸杞子)，can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish”可推知，滋补食物对餐饮业有一定的影响，故“catering”与restaurant意思相近。
4．答案与解析：C　考查标题判断。根据第二段第一句“Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one's well­being or avoid sickness”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要对中国的滋补食物进行了简要的介绍。
B
体裁：说明文　题材：健康生活　主题：洗手产品
    【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SoaPen。SoaPen是一款画笔样式的液态洗手产品，孩子们可用它在手上涂抹然后洗手，如果他们没有花足够的时间洗手，颜色会留在他们的手上，这会让洗手充满乐趣。
5．答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。依据第一段的“One problem is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough”可知，问题是孩子们洗手的频率不够或洗手的时间不够长；再联系第二段的“aimed at teaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly”可知，发明SoaPen的目的在于让孩子们养成良好的洗手习惯，由此可知选项C正确。
6．答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。依据第三段Issar的话“It's such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people aren't doing it, and it's resulting in actual deaths”可知，有些人因为没有养成良好的洗手习惯而死亡，由此可知，洗手习惯对我们的健康是至关重要的，故选A项。
7．答案与解析：D　考查词义猜测。依据该段的“Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because they're drawing on their hands”可知，孩子们需要用足够的时间去洗手才能洗掉SoaPen的图案，由画线词后的内容可知，为了消除SoaPen留在手上的痕迹，孩子们不再只是匆匆洗手了。由此可知，画线词与remove意思相近，故选D项。
8．答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。依据该段的“Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created everywhere will help...across the globe”可知，发明者表示SoaPen将在世界各地生产，这也会促进在全球推广好的洗手习惯，她们对SoaPen的未来有信心，由此可知选项B正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文　题材：人际关系　主题：两个人通过共进早餐成为朋友
【文章大意】　Zion在吃早饭时，偶然遇到了70岁的Jan，他们在吃饭期间分享自己的故事，双方都非常开心；吃完早饭后，他们互留联系方式希望再约一起吃早餐的时间。他们的故事让很多人深受鼓舞。
1．答案与解析：C　根据前一句中的“put his food on a table at a McDonald's”可知，Zion正准备吃早餐。故选C。
2．答案与解析：B　根据后文中的“Then she asked in a weak voice”可知，Jan先是靠近Zion所在的桌子，然后开始询问。故选B。
3．答案与解析：D　根据后文Zion的回答“yes”可以推测出，这里的宾语从句应该是由一般疑问句转变而来的，故选D。
4．答案与解析：A　根据第二段第一句可知，Zion介绍自己，并与Jan握手，由此可以推测出，Zion对Jan的请求的态度应该是积极的，故选A，意为“热情地”。casually“随便地”；nervously“紧张地”；anxiously“焦急地”。
5．答案与解析：C　根据第一段第二句中的“70­year­old”可以推测出，Jan的手应该是布满皱纹的，故选C。
6．答案与解析：D　根据该空前后文的内容可知，今天他们可以共进早餐，并且还能分享彼此的故事。由此可以推测出，他们在接下来的45分钟里，彼此陪伴。故选D。
7．答案与解析：A　根据该空前的内容可知，他们像朋友一样，不断地交谈，哈哈大笑。故选A。
8．答案与解析：B　根据第11小题后的“another breakfast”可知，B项符合题意。
9．答案与解析：B　根据第二段中的“the next 45 minutes”“talked and  __7__ together”以及该空后的“inspire so many people”可知，他们的聊天时间不短，聊天的方式与话题也是随意的，且是在公共场所聊天的，故排除A、C和D项，只能选B。
10．答案与解析：A　根据第14小题后的“foster a new friendship”可知，Zion在这里意在说明，自己因为交了一位新朋友而感到开心。故选A。
11．答案与解析：D　第二段提到他们希望能够再次共进早餐，且前一句表明，Zion因交了一位新朋友而开心，由此可知，他非常激动约定了下一次共进早餐的时间。故选D。
12．答案与解析：B　根据后文中的“I know if we had forever she would have a __13__ for me for every day”可知，Zion在这里表明，如果他继续努力的话，Jan会与他分享更多的故事。故选B。
13．答案与解析：C　根据第6小题后的“sharing stories”可知，这里表示“Jan会每天和我分享一个故事”。故选C。
14．答案与解析：A　根据Zion与Jan的故事我们可以发现，每个陌生人都有潜力去与他人交朋友。故选A，意为“潜力”。intention“目的”；fortune“运气”；confidence“自信”。
15．答案与解析：D　根据该空后的“it melts our hearts”可知，他们的故事应该是非常感人的。故选D，意为“动人的”。strange“奇怪的”；familiar“熟悉的”；amusing“有趣的”。