第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出****选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。

A
Judy Wright and her husband decided to move closer to their son, Chris, who lived in Georgia. About a month after the move, Judy fell ill, suffering from her ongoing battle against Parkinson’s disease.
Judy’s condition worsened rapidly and she required medical care at home. The family hired a nursing
aid who canceled at the last minute. Instead, a woman named TunDe Hector showed up in her place.
One day, TunDe shared a story with Judy and her family. She remembered a particularly difficult day in 2014, when a stranger helped her with a kind gesture. She had run out of gas, and with only $5 in her pocket, was walking to a gas station, gas can in hand. A man saw her walking and turned his car around. He paid for her gas and gave her all the cash left in his wallet. Upon hearing the story, Judy’s son, Chris, took off his hat and said, “That was me!” He was the stranger who had helped TunDe on that difficult day.
During the care of Judy, the Wright family learned about TunDe’s family and her own dream. The nursing aid, TunDe hoped that one day she could become an OB-GYN nurse. Her tuition was past due and she had a family to care for, but she was determined to achieve that goal for herself and her family.
Judy died on July 9, 2017. Instead of flowers, her family asked mourners to donate to TunDe’s education, to assist her in paying for her nursing school. In less than a week, they raised more than $8000 and presented her with the surprise check.
21. Why did Judy’s family choose TunDe in the end?
A. To help her with a kind gesture. B. To look after Judy in the hospital. C. To replace another nursing aid. D. To ask her to return the money.
22. How might Chris feel when hearing TunDe’s story?
A. Surprised. B. Nervous. C. Content. D. Puzzled.
23. What does the whole story mainly tell us?
A. Constant dropping wears away the stone. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. The truth never fears investigation. D. Kindness comes full circle.
B
California has been facing a drought(干旱) for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system. Luckily, new research has found deep water[来源:Zxxk.Com]
reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted(抽 取). The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers(地下蓄水层) below this depth and found that reserves
may be three times what was previously thought.
The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the
gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted(压
实) by the weight of the earth above.
Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating (脱盐) the
ocean water in this coastal state. Some desalination factories exist where possible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.
One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. The result of a thorough study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves in the state now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
24. How could California’s drought problem be solved according to some researchers?
A. By building more reserves of groundwater.
B. By drawing water from the depths of the earth.
C. By developing more advanced drilling machines. D. By improving its water distribution system.
25. What is mentioned as a consequence of pumping water from deep underground?
A. The sinking of land surface. B. The harm to the ecosystem. C. The damage to aquifers. D. The change of the climate.
26. What does the author say about deep wells?
A. They run without any need for repairs. B. They are the final solution to droughts.
C. They are entirely free from pollution. D. They provide a steady supply of freshwater.


C
What inspires kids to be creative and pursue academic excellence? Some teachers use rewards in
recognition of students’ effort or achievement, giving them prizes, medals, certificates, or money.
Psychologists take opposite views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, believe that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary(金钱的) rewards sparks creativity in primary school children, suggesting that properly given stimuli(刺激) indeed encourage creativity, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology.
"If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much desire for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with students lacking in creativity and motivation, Eisenberger says. As an example of the latter point, he particularly mentions growing efforts to tighten grading standards and adopt failing grades at major universities.
In earlier grades, the use of rewarding system, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, Eisenberger claims.
27. Psychologists are divided in their attitudes toward .
A. the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards
B. the amount of monetary rewards for students' creativity C. the relationship between actions and their consequences D. the effects of external rewards on students' performance
28. Which of the following does NOT belong to examples of “external rewards”?
A. Tom received a certificate for winning a speech competition.
B. Mary was praised by the teacher for making progress in English. C. Jacky made great efforts to enter a major university.
D. John was offered a free summer camp due to his hard work.
29. Which of the following can best raise students' creativity according to Robert Eisenberger?
A. Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before. B. Assigning them tasks which require creativity.
C. Giving them rewards they really deserve. D. Giving them rewards they hope for.
30. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they think _.
A. rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students
B. punishing students is more effective than rewarding them
C. failing unmotivated students helps improve their academic standards
D. discouraging students’ expectation of easy rewards is important

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的****选项。有两项为多余选项。
“You totally missed out!” This sentence strikes fear in the hearts of teenagers more than almost anything else. In fact, missing out on something bothers most teenagers so much that there is even a special word for that sick feeling: FOMO. 31 FOMO, which was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013, refers to that anxious feeling people get when they realize they are not attending a social event.
32 In fact, one survey found that two-thirds of people in this age group admitted to experiencing FOMO regularly. If you ask teenagers whether they experience social media anxiety, most would answer no. But what they do not realize is that if they are stressed or worried about what they see online, then they are possibly experiencing FOMO, especially if they are online a lot.
Then how to handle the problem of FOMO? Of course, turning off the technology seems like a natural cure for FOMO. 33 Teenagers may still worry that they are missing out, even if they are not on social media at all.
The key is to turn off the technology and do something else like reading a book, giving a friend a makeup, baking cookies—anything that allows them to focus on something other than social media. 34
It is also important to encourage teenagers to recognize that they cannot possibly be everywhere and do everything. So, naturally, there will be parties or events that they cannot attend. 35 Photos can
be deceiving (骗人的). And even though it looks as if their friends are having a good time, this may not be
the case. They should never let the fact that they couldn’t be somewhere affect their view of themselves.
A. FOMO has become an even bigger problem.
B. FOMO is especially common to people aged 18 to 33.
C. In simple terms, FOMO stands for “fear of missing out”.
D. It can be extremely helpful in changing their attitudes towards life.
E. But this does not necessarily mean they are missing out on something.
F. By doing this, teenagers are not glued to their screens and are more active.
G. But just switching the phone to “off” doesn’t erase the feelings caused by FOMO.
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 ****选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A mother and a daughter living in my community are two of the most unfriendly people I have ever come across in my life. They are totally separated, mixing with 36 . As they drive past 37 they
keep their eyes looking away. The only fame they have is making a nuisance (讨厌的人) of themselves to
the local police station by 38 music played too loud, dogs barking more than once a day and any other 39 annoyance.
On moving into this neighborhood, I was 40 of these two but decided I would make up my own mind. This proved quite a 41 to me as more than once either the mother or the daughter would knock
on my door and blast (猛烈抨击) me with some 42 or other.
I 43 answered politely and made sure I 44 as they went past my place and also made the effort now and then to make a kind remark about their garden or pets.
Time passed and in October, as part of the kindness rock give ( 送 爱 心 石 活 动 ), Maureen and
I 45 to place a kindness rock in their garden. Their 46 remained unchanged, however, and I continued to be as friendly as possible. During the Easter give, we decided once again to 47 these two unhappy ladies to our list and left a packet of cookies on their 48 . Imagine my 49 when two days later they 50 at my gate and jokingly said they were considering hanging their Christmas stocking on their gate, and they 51 me a bunch of flowers!
So, my fellow gifters, do not 52 on your random gifts of kindness. You may never know just what this 53 to others, nor how many broken or 54 hearts you may just change with a simple act of 55 .[来源:Z.xx.k.Com]

46. A. manner B. attitude C. decision D. anger
47. A. add B. recommend C. reduce D. drive
48. A. place B. roof C. gate D. fence
49. A. interest B. suspicion C. surprise D. pride
50. A. whispered B. stopped C. shouted D. wandered
51. A. brought B. wished C. threw D. expected
52. A. take in B. take up C. give in D. give up
53. A. refers B. means C. relates D. contributes
54. A. heavy B. light C. hard D. warm
55. A. sorrow B. hope C. imagination D. kindness
第 II 卷
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第二节：（10 个小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing, together with Zhangjiakou, succeeded in getting the chance to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, which speeds up the development of Zhangjiakou City. Word came 56 the Beijing- Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, located in North China, is now 57 construction, and is expected to be completed by 2020 in 58 (prepare) for the cities to host the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Starting from Beijing North Railway Station and heading west through the Great Wall, the project is
59 (probable) the biggest challenge ever. Its designers say that the explosions needed 60 (dig) the tunnels will not have a negative effect on the structure.
The railway line has a length of 174 km as a double-track passenger line, with ten stations along its route. Enjoying 61 total investment of 31.17 billion yuan ($5 billion), the trip between the two cities will only take 40 minutes 62 the train will travel at an average of 250 km/h.
According to the plan, the high-speed railway will have two branch 63 (line) — one is to Yanqing Station and the other to Taizicheng of Chongli, where the Olympic Village lies. The full railway, 64 (include) a 70-kilometer section through Beijing, 65 (complete) in four and a half years.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分 15 分）
假设你是高三学生李华，你所在的学校将举行 “行走马拉松 (walkathon)”公益活动， 为贫困山区的孩子们筹款。请给你的美国朋友 Chris 写一封信，询问他是否愿意一起参加。 内容包括：
1. 介绍活动的相关内容（例如：时间、长度、参加者等）；
2. 你对此项活动的看法；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The canteen was crowded with summer campers from high schools across the city, all extremely hungry after a day's activities. I spotted an empty place and walked there. Just as I put my tray(餐盘) down, I felt a
bump against my hip. The tray dropped on the table and the soup spilt all over my camp shirt and jeans. And
I heard a burst of laughter.
"Can’t you look where you are going, you clumsy fool!" I shouted, glaring at the troublemaker, a tall boy with wild hair.
"Sorry! Can't help laughing! You look so funny!" said the boy, bending over with laughter. I was too annoyed to respond and just walked away to change my clothes.
The next morning, we were all assembled for roll call(点名), when I saw the same boy come running
out of the dorm, his unbuttoned shirt flying behind him. Before he could slide into place, he was spotted by the Camp Commandant. As a punishment for being late, he was made to do a hundred pushups. As I walked past him later, I let out a loud laugh, saying "Sorry. I can't help laughing. You look so funny."
So the war of words continued in the following three days with the wild-haired boy, whose name, I
found out, was Ben.
A mountain hike(远足) marked the last day of the camp. On the way back, I found myself left far behind my team. Soon, they were out of sight. The camp site was a long way away and I was getting anxious
as evening fell. I risked taking a shortcut(近路) clung to the mountain side, but suddenly, I tripped off the path and slid right down the slope(斜坡).
Fortunately, my fall was stopped by a bunch of bamboo. I saw I was about ten meters below the track. There was no way I could climb up the slope as evidently I had my ankle broken. After making several vain attempts, I waited hopelessly. It got dark and I became afraid.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Then, I saw a faint light, and heard a voice calling out my name.



Paragraph 2:
The next day, as we were boarding the buses which would take us back to our own homes, Ben came up to me.